Lesotho faces the highest U.S. tariff rate—50%—under new trade measures announced by President Donald Trump. The move targets dozens of countries, including 20 in Africa, with minimum tariffs of 10%.
The steep rate reflects the U.S.’s significant trade deficit with Lesotho, which exported $237.3 million in textiles (mainly jeans) and diamonds to the U.S. in 2024, while importing just $2.8 million in American goods.
Lesotho’s Trade Minister Mokhethi Shelile expressed concern over potential factory closures and job losses, pledging to send a delegation to Washington to challenge the decision. The country has benefited from the African Growth and Opportunity Act (Agoa), which allowed duty-free exports to the U.S., but these tariffs jeopardize that progress.
Garment factories, producing for brands like Levi’s and Wrangler, dominate Lesotho’s U.S. trade, accounting for nearly 75% of exports. The tariffs could severely impact its economy, where U.S. trade represents over 10% of national income.
Other African nations also face higher tariffs: Madagascar (47%), Mauritius (40%), Botswana (37%), and South Africa (30%). Nigeria will see a 14% rate, while Kenya, Ghana, and others face the baseline 10%.
Trump framed the tariffs as retaliation against “countries that treat us badly,” accusing trade partners of exploiting the U.S. South Africa, labeled among the “worst offenders,” condemned the move as “punitive.”
Economists warn the tariffs could strain long-standing trade ties but may push African nations to diversify partners. The measures take effect in early April, with higher rates applying to select countries by April 9.
